Trimming strip core and the like



March 4, 1941. G, G, BARR 2,234,136

TRIMMING STRIP oonE AND 'ma LIKE Filed Nov. l0, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 www March 4, 1941. G. G. BARR TRIMMING STRIP CORE AND THE LIKE Filed Nov. 10, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 4, 1941 [UNITED STATES 2,234,136 l TanmvnNG s'rmP CORE AND THE um:

Glen- G. Barr, Union city, nid., signor te Backstay Welt Company, Union (Iity, Ind., a

corporation` of Indiana Application November 10, 1938, Serial No. 239,888

6 Claims. (C1. 154-43) My invention relatesto compact contoured bodies of elongated form useful per se for some purposes, but more especially adapted to be enclosed Within a covering fabric to form a trimming welt,l binding or the like.

More particularly, the present invention constitutes an improvement in the product which forms the subject of United States Letters Patent No. 2,119,482 issued May 31, 1938 to-Gleny H.

lo Huffel. f

As is explained in the Huffer patent, a primary requisite of these elongated bodies is ability to be bent or disposed about short curves laterally Without puckering, buckling, kinkng, or appreciable change in cross sectional size or shape. The body must therefore be flexible, and the Huifer patent discloses the use of crepe paper as theprincipal element from which the body is formed.

The present invention also contemplates the use of crepe paper, in combination with an inelastic and relatively inert binder together with an elastic binder. The principal difference existing between the subject of the present invention and the Huier body is in the type of crepe paper employed.

In common with the Huffer article, the present invention proposes an. elongated body made by superimposing on each other a plurality of groups of laminae or plies, each lamina consisting of two sheets of crepe paper bonded together by an interposed layer of relatively inelastic adhesive. The several groups of laminae are bonded together by an exceedingly thin coating of elastic adhesive and the whole assembly is compacted together and reduced to a comparatively dense, compressed body having a degree of hardness that makes it suitable for use as a core for the beading of finishing strips such as trimming welts and the like.

As has been stated, an important requisite of these bodies is flexibility. Little or no difiiculty is experienced in bending trimming Weltcores made in half-round or other comparativelyat shapes, if the direction of bend is out of the plane of flatness. Considerably more' difficulty, however, isV experienced in disposing such shapes about lateral bends, in the plane of the atness, and it is this type 'of bend that is most frequently encountered in Aapplication Voi5`the core or trimming device containingit. Itis important that the core be capable of negotiating this'type of curve without distortiomand it is important also that the core or body be capable of being formed about such curves readily, easily, andwithout undue attention and workman.

The Huffer device employed crepe paper in which the crepings extend transversely of the sheet. Io the extent that these crepings re- 5 mained in the core or body product after the pressure of the forming and compacting operations, they served to accommodate bending stresses by closing together along the inside edge of the curve andopening up or separating along 10 the outside edge. The present invention departs from the device disclosed in the Huer patent by employing a different kind of crepe paper sheet, i. e., one in which the crepings extend diagonally across the sheet rather than right- 15 angularly across it. The present'invention uses crepe paper in which the crepings extend substantially diagonally across the sheet from both edges, so that the lines of creping4 cross each other. I have found that bodies built up from 20 this material exhibit improved ability to be curved laterally, so that the curves can be more easily, quickly and carelesslymade, and so that less tendency to kink, pucker and otherwise bebecome distorted results, and so that neat curves 25 of shorter radius can be made.

I have also found that bodies made from diagonally creped paper as proposed by the present invention exhibit a smoother surface, not-v withstanding the presence of substantially twice $0 the creping, as compared with the Huifer product. The new product is'better able to withstand the pressure of the forming and compacting operations, which have less tendency to iron out and obliterate the crepings.

Among the objects of the present invention are, therefore, the provision of a welt core or analogous body'havlng superior bending ability, having a smoother supercial surface notwithstanding the presence of creping to an increased 40 degree, and having a denser structure produced by die or roller pressure without materially or seriously removing the creping. v Y* The vaccompanying drawings, which illustrate certain preferred embodiments of the invention, 4l show Asome ofthe products contemplated by it, as wellv as a preferred methodofmanfacture.

Inthedrawings,A 'y j Figure 1 is a plan view showing the basic conlcare on the part .of the lstituent element of the,A new product, a ply com- 50 'paper bonded together by' a layer" of "inert ,rela

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the ply of Fig. 1 coated with'a thin surface film of relatively elastic adhesive which bonds a plurality of such plies together to make up the final product;

Fig. 4 is a perspectivel sectional view of the ply preliminarily folded on itself, comprising a plurality of groups of laminae, each group being like that shown in Fig. 3;

showing in merely diagrammatic form additional Y examples of still further forms of product.

Referring now to the drawings, manufacture of the product begins with the selection of a suitable sheet of paper of appropriate Weight, strength and thickness. I prefer to use kraft paper in sheets of considerable width, i. e., much wider than the strips which are subsequently cut from them to be folded on themselves or stacked to form the individual body or core product. The individual sheets are creped, in any customary and well understood manner, by two sets of creping lines each extending substantially diagonally across the sheet. Conveniently the sheet is creped twice. On the first creping operation a plurality of approximately parallel lines of creping are formed, all these lines extending obliquely from edge to edge of the sheet and forming with the edges an angle of preferably approximately 45. In Fig. 1, where one of the sheets is shown at 20, a set of such creping lines is shown at 2 I. It will'be noted that the lines 2| are substantially parallel to each other and diagonal with relation to the opposite edges of the sheet. A similar set of such lines of creping is next incorporated in the sheet, but this second set of crepingv lines crosses the sheet oppositely diagonally,k forming substantially the same angle with the edges of the sheet, but crossing the first set of lines at a greater angle. The second set of creplng lines is designated 22 in Fig. 1.

The sheet 20, when prepared for incorporation in the product contemplated by the present invention, has, by reason of the two sets of creping lines, its i'ibres materially broken up or crimped to a very complete degree, although none of the fibres is actually ruptured. The sheet differs in appearance and properties from ordinary crepe paper in which the crepings extend aproximately directly across the sheet. The double diagonally creped paper which I use has substantially twice the creping of directly transversely creped paper and is more freely capable ofbeing transversely curved. Moreover, because the lines of creping are formed from both edges, the vsheet may be curved with equal facility in either lateral direction. Again, notwithstanding the increased number of creping lines the sheet is supercially smoother than directly transversely creped paper, and this constitutes a distinct advantage for my purposes, as will be pointed out hereinafter.

In Fig. 1 I have used the reference numeral 20 to designate the sheet of specially creped paper which has been described. A second sheet identical with the rst is designated 23, and is bonded to the first sheet by interposing between them a layer 2'4 of some comparatively inelastic and inert scale.

adhesive. I have found standard commercial asphaltic adhesives entirely satisfactory. This substance is applied to one or both of the sheets 20, 23, preferably while the sheets remainof their original roll width, and the sheets are pressed together so as to become securely united to each other by the adhesive, care being taken during this operation not to impair the crepings. TheY layer 24y is made quite thin, being preferably as thin as the nature of the adhesive substance permits, because it is desirable to keep down to a minimum the stiffness and hardness which the asphaltic adhesive tends to give the laminated sheet. The comparative smoothness of the nevertheless highly creped sheet permits the layer 24 to be made unsually thin although completely coating the juxtaposed surfaces of the juxtaposed paper sheets. When properly unitedsheets and 23 retain practically all their crepings, and the resulting laminated product may be subjected with impunity to stretching and compressive stresses that would materially straighten out the individual sheets and materially impair the crepings thereof. It is a function of the asphaltic adhesive also to hold a pair of creped paper sheets together and render them proof against loss of their crepings when subjected to stretching and compressive forces during the forming operations which are later practiced on them.

In Fig. 2 the cross sectional appearance of the composite sheet of Fig. 1 is shown on an enlarged In Fig. 2 the relative dimensions of the paper and asphaltic layers are not .those which exist in the actual product but are distorted and exaggerated for clarity of illustration. It will be understood that the asphaltic layer is thiner than appears from Fig. 2. I

-The sheet shown in Fig. 1 may be considered to be of roll width. Such a sheet is slit longitudinally to provide a plurality of comparatively narrow strips, each being of a width appropriate for folding or stacking to provide a body product of the width and thickness desired. Fig 3 illustrates on a relatively enlarged scale one of such comparatively narrow strips. Y

Each of the narrow strips is coated on one or both of its surfaces with a very thin vlm of adhesive substance which is essentially unlike the layer 24 in-that it is elastic. Its thickness is kept at a minimum. It is applied to the strip before the same is folded and while the strip is in at condition. In Fig. 3 the stippling designated 25 indicates this thin film of elastic or resilient adhesive substance.

Latex, or rubber deposited from latex, is an excellent material from which to form the thin film 25. A preferred mode of application consists in spraying latex on to one or both Sides of the strip. It is desirable that the resulting film be of minimum thickness or depth but substantially unbroken so as to cover substantially all the surface of the paper. Such a film lies practically wholly on the surface of the paper and does not penetrate the paper more than microscopically. This nlm, which dries practically as soon as it forms on the sheet, does not appreciably wet the sheet or the strip of which it is an element, nor does it introduce into the strip or sheet of paper any of the characteristics of saturated, soaked or wetted paper. The strip with the latex lm applied to it thus remains dry and continues to possess all the properties of a dry sheet of paper. The crepings of a dry sheet are not easily ironed out by pressure normal to the sheet or tension along its length; hence it can be handled through the subsequent body formingoperations without substantial loss or impairment of the crepings. It will be remembered that the double diagonally creped paper possesses a greatly increased numi ber of crepings as compared with ordinary directly transversely creped paper. Consequently, this double diagonally creped paper may lose some ofits creping in the body forming operations without seriously impairing its creped character, because it will still remain a highly creped sheet.

After receiving the latex coating, and preferably promptly thereafter, in a continuous operation as will be explained hereinafter, the strip of Fig. 3 is folded on itself, or a plurality of such sheets are stacked on each other.` In Fig. 4 I show one mode of folding the strip on itself. In Fig. 14 the strip is convolutedback and forth on itself. In Fig. 15 a plurality of strips are stacked on each other. Various of the figures show suggested dispositions of folds and stacking for producing different kinds of ultimate shapes.

The folded or stacked strip or lstrips form a comparatively soft body. To transform this body into the shape of product desired, and to give it the requisite hardness and density, I subject it to any convenient forming operation. I prefer to lrun the soft body through a die or a set of rolls in a Well known type of folding machine, but it will be appreciated that other methods and machines may be used.

Although the ,coating 25 is substantially4 dry as soon as it forms on the strip, this coating tenaciously bonds with an adjacent surface of coatingA or paper in the preliminarily formed body, and when subjected to pressure inthe forming operation the result is a body comprising a plurality of groups of individual laminae, secure- 'ly bonded together, each groupv consisting successively of a sheet of double diagonally creped paper, relatively inelastic asphaltic adhesive, another sheet of similarly creped paper, and an exceedingly thin film of elastic adhesive, assembled compactly together in that order. Such a body I have found is flexible and bendable without distortion to an extraordinary degree. When made, as I prefer to make it, otherwise exactly as proposed by the Huffer patent, but differing therefrom solely in the type of creping employed, the resulting body possesses markedly Superior bending capacity. Even in the case of bodies shaped to have relatively thin side edges and unusually fiat contours, as shown in Fig. 5, and in the case of upholstery covering raisers as shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the bodies may be easily curved' by unskilled workmen around the shortest radii commonly encountered in the trimming trade.

Because the superlcial surface of my new product is comparatively smooth notwithstanding its creping, the product may be used as a core for trimming welts and the like in which a very thin covering fabric is used. 'Ihe crepings dotnot show lthrough such a thin fabric, yet the surface roughness is suieient to take adhesive and make a very secure bond with the covering fabric.

radii may be made without exercising any great degree of care and without resulting in objection able distortion of the body.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I show' a central nller-26` in the form of a cord or string o f cotton, paper or the like.. This type of lconstruction will `be found useful for some purposes, as wherevariations in the hardness or density of'Lthe product are desired. The surface characteristics of the double diagonally creped paper enable it to be easily and perfectly'united by adhesive to the surface of such a cord.

In Fig. 13 I illustrate diagrammatically a convenient method of making the product. In this figure the sheets of double diagonally creped paper 20, 23 are coated with one or two films of asphaltic adhesive 24, whereupon the sheets are rolled into `contact with each other at 21 y at 30 and run through a forming dietor roll sev ries 3l tocompact the plies together. .Y

It will be recognized that the invention is capable of being practiced by methods and with apparatus different from those described. The 'essential principle of the inventionfresides in the employment of apeculiar type of crepe paper, as has-been explained. I'his principle may be carried into shapes .and products other than those herein selected for illustration. All such different embodiments, to the` extent that they incorporate the principle of the invention by ernploying diagonally creped paper; or double diagonally crepedpaper, are deemed to be within the scope and purview of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A compact, contoured, laminated body of strip form comprising a plurality of groups of laminae, eachgroup consisting successively of a sheet of crepe paper, relatively inelastic asphaltic adhesive, another sheet of crepe paper, and

an exceedingly thin film of elastic adhesive, as-

sembled compactly together in said order, the crepings of the crepe paper extending obliquely across each sheet thereof in' two sets of lines of generally parallel crepings, the lines of each set making substantially the same oblique angle with the edge of the sheet and crossing the lines of the other set at an angle, and the elastic adhesive laminae lying substantially wholly on the surface of the paper of adjacent groups without penetrating the paper more than microscopically, whereby the crepings of the constituent. paper sheets remain substantially unimpaired in the body, and all of said plurality of laminae being compressed compactly together, said laminated body possessing the ability to be curved laterally with little tendency toward distortion.

2. A compact, contoured, laminated body of strip form comprising a plurality of groups of laminae, each group consisting successively of a sheet of crepe paper, relatively inelastic asphaltic adhesive, another sheet of crepe paper, and an exceedingly thin film of elastic adhesive, assembled compactly together in said order, the crepings of the crepe paper comprising two'sets of oppositely obliquely directed lines of creping crossing each other 'at a substantial angle, and the elastic adhesive laminae lying substantially wholly on the surface of the p'aper of adjacent groups without penetratingvthe paper more than `microscopically, whereby the crepings of the constituent paper sheets remain substantially unimpaired in the body, and all of said plurality of laminae being .compressed compactly together, said laminated body possessing the ability to be curved laterally with little tendency toward dis`- tortion. l

3. A compact, contoured, laminated body `of strip form comprising a plurality of groups of` 'lines of creping diagonally directed across the sheet from one side edge to the other'at an angle of approximately 45 to the edge ofthe sheet and a second set of similar lines of creping directed across the sheet from said other side edge to the rst named side edge at a substantially equal angle, and the elastic adhesive laminae lying substantially wholly on the surface of the paper of adjacent groups without penetrating the paper more than microscopically, whereby the crepings of the constituent paper sheets remain substantially unimpaired 'in the body, and all of said plurality of laminae being compressed compactly together, said laminated bodypossessing the `ability to be curved laterally with little tendency toward distortion.

4. A compact, contoured, laminated body comprising a ply consisting of two sheets ofcrepe paper, each sheet having its crepings extending obliquely across the sheet in two sets of lines of y generally parallel crepings, the lines of each set making substantially the same oblique angle with the edge of the sheet and crossing the lines of the other setat an angle, bonded together by relatively inelastic yet pliable asphaltic adhesive, said ply being folded on itself to provide a plurality of layers, and interposed between the surfaces of the adjacent layers an exceedingly thin lm of rubber deposited from latex lying substantially Wholly on said surfaces without penetrating the paper more than microscopically and not materially impairing the crepings, said layers being united by said thin lm into a compact,

laminated body of strip form comprising alter- 5. A compact, contoured, laminated body comprising a ply consisting of twosheets of `crepe paper the crepings of the crepe paper comprising two sets of oppositely obliquely directed lines of creping crossing each .other at a substantial angle, bondedv together by relatively inelastic yet pliable asphaltic adhesive, said ply being folded on itself to provide a plurality of layers, and interposed between the surfaces of the adjacent layers an exceedingly thin film of rubber deposited from latex lying substantially wholly on said surfaces without penetrating the paper more than microscopically and not materially impairing the crepings, said layers being united by said thin lm into a compact, laminated body vof strip form comprising alternate laminae of crepe paper, inelastic asphaltic adhesive, crepe paper, and elastic adhesive, and none of said laminae materially penetrating any adjacent lamina, whereby the crepings of the constituent paper sheets remain substantially unimpaired in the body notwithstanding the use of pressure to compact the laminae together, said laminated body possessing the ability to be curved laterally with little tendency toward distortion.

6. A compact, contoured, laminated body comprising a ply consisting of two sheets of crepe paper, the crepings of the crepe paper comprising a ilrst set of lines of creping diagonally directed across the sheet from one side edge to theA other atan angle of approximately 45 to the edge of the sheet and a second set of similar lines of creping directed across the sheet from said other side edge to the first named side edge at a substantially equal angle, bonded together'- by relatively inelastic yet pliable asphaltic adhesive, said ply being folded on itself to provide a plurality of layers,v and interposed between the surfaces of the adjacent layers an exceedingly thin film of rubber deposited from latex lying substantially wholly on said surfaces without penetrating the paper more than microscopically and not materially impairing the crepings, said layers being united by said thin lm into a compact, laminated body of strip'form comprising alternate laminae of crepe paper, inelastic asphaltic adhesive, crepe paper, and elastic adhesive, and none of said laminae materially penetrating any adjacent lamina, whereby the crepings of the constituent paper sheets remain substantially unimpaired in the body notwithstanding the use of pressure to compact the laminae together, said laminated body possessing the vability to beA curved laterally with little tendency toward distortion. t

GLEN G. BARR. 

